The western Songnen Plain is an important commodity grain base in China, but the issues of soil salinization and fertility degradation jointly restrict agricultural development, and the spatial heterogeneity of nutrients increases the difficulty of farmland management. In response to the complex conditions of nutrient imbalance and coexisting salinization in this region, 61 surface soil samples (0~20 cm) was collected, testing indicators such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total organic carbon (TOC), and moisture content (MC). The statistical analysis, geostatistics, and fuzzy C-means clustering (FCM) was integrated, determining the optimal number of zones through the fuzzy performance index (FPI) and normalized classification entropy (NCE), and validating the results using ANOVA and LSD tests. A scientific solution for regional precision fertilization and zoning management was provided. The findings show follows. The soil is overall weakly alkaline, with a small variation in pH (CV = 8.7%), while other indicators exhibit moderate variation (CV = 50.3%~76.5%); pH is significantly negatively correlated with TN, TP, and TOC (P< 0.01), while TN, TP, and TOC are significantly positively correlated with each other (P< 0.01); EC and MC show strong spatial correlation, controlled by structural factors, while pH and nutrient indicators exhibit moderate spatial correlation, influenced by both structural and random factors. The study area is divided into four management zones (MZ1~MZ4), with balanced areas (20.83%~29.03%) and significant differences in soil properties, showing a spatial pattern of increasing soil fertility and decreasing salinization from southwest to northeast. MZ1 is located in the southern part of Songyuan and the western part of Baicheng, implementing a combined strategy of precision fertilization and salinity improvement; MZ2 is located in the western part of Songyuan and the western part of Changchun, implementing a balanced fertilization and water-fertilizer integration management strategy; MZ3 is located in Baicheng, following the strategy of first improving salinity, then enhancing fertility; MZ4 is located in Changchun, promoting precision fertilization and differentiated water-fertilizer management strategies.