To address the challenges of manual repairing of surface damages on the protective layer of ultra-long cable stays of long-span bridges, which involves difficulties such as high-altitude operations and the complexity of repairing damaged cables, research on key technologies for a high-speed, high-load, and highly reliable split-type bionic climbing cable repair robot were conducted.The robot consists of a wheeled traction unit capable of high-speed climbing and a load unit, which move alternately in series on the cable through ropes and winches. The robot was equipped with a safety recovery system, a visual perception system, and specialized tools for cleaning, grinding, and repairing. The safety recovery system ensured the robot can safely return in case of sudden malfunctions during high-altitude operations. The visual perception system captures images of cable surface damages and performs high-precision 3D reconstruction to generate a repair path plan. The robot’s mechanical arm, equipped with specialized repair tools, cleans, grinds, and repairs the damaged areas, achieving usignificantly reduces risks, improves work efficiency, cuts costs, and has high practical application value.