Titanium alloys have been extensively employed in aerospace and other fields due to their excellent specific strength, corrosion resistance, and superior high-temperature performance. However, milling is faced with large cutting forces, easy tool wear, and unstable machining quality, because of low thermal conductivity, high chemical reactivity, and work hardening. Proper selection and optimization of cutting parameters are regarded as crucial for improving machining quality and efficiency. The current application status of cutting parameters in titanium alloy milling was introduced. The influences of major cutting parameters on cutting force, temperature, and tool wear were analyzed. Commonly used parameter optimization methods and experimental designs were summarized. Parameter adjustments under thin-walled machining, high-speed milling, ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling, and laser-assisted milling were further analyzed. Reference and guidance are provided for the selection and optimization of cutting parameters in titanium alloy milling.