True triaxial fracturing physical simulation serves as an important means to study the fracture initiation and propagation laws of fracturing in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. It plays an irreplaceable role in revealing complex fracture evolution mechanisms, optimizing fracturing process parameters, and supporting the development of unconventional reservoirs, holding significant engineering importance. The related domestic and international research developments were summarized, and the practice of true triaxial fracturing simulation carried out by the authors' team was combined to provide a systematic review of the true triaxial fracturing physical simulation technology.The research progress and challenges were analyzed in terms of the similarity criterion of experiments, the iterative development of devices, the continuous expansion of simulation objects, and the fracture monitoring and evaluation technology, and the development trend was discussed. Preliminary understanding of the fracture propagation pattern under different engineering geological parameters, and the main controlling factors of the fracture spreading pattern and proppant distribution pattern were summarized. It is found that there are still a lot of difficulties in the similarity between the prototype and the model, the accuracy of simulation under complex conditions, the precise portrayal of the experimental results, and the effective transformation of the experimental results to the field application. Research indicates that the future direction for advancing true triaxial hydraulic fracturing indoor simulation technology lies in establishing a more comprehensive similarity criteria system, developing simulation devices adapted to complex geological engineering environments, and establishing a cross-scale coupled characterization method for fracture propagation behavior.