The recognition memory ability is assessed by the novel object recognition (NOR) test, which compares the exploration time difference between novel and familiar objects in mice. The amplitude transfer entropy (ATE) of local field potential (LFP) signals between the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was investigated in normal mice during this test, aiming to explore the information transmission mechanism between these two brain regions underlying the NOR task. Multichannel LFP signals were acquired from the vHPC and mPFC in six normal mice during exploration of novel and familiar objects, and the power spectral density (PSD) for each individual brain region and the amplitude transfer entropy (ATE) between the regions were calculated respectively. It was observed that the exploration time for novel objects is significantly longer than that for familiar objects in normal mice. During the stage of exploring novel objects, the power spectral density of theta oscillations in both the vHPC and mPFC is found to be significantly greater than that during the stage of exploring familiar objects. Furthermore, the amplitude transfer entropy from the vHPC to the mPFC is also shown to be significantly increased during this stage. These results indicate that theta oscillations in the vHPC and mPFC play a critical role in novel object recognition in mice, and the enhanced directional information transfer from vHPC to mPFC may represent a potential mechanism for the formation of recognition memory.