Aiming at the problems of low screening efficiency and easy clogging of screen in the actual work of the crusher, an adjustable screening test bench was designed and built based on the operational principle of the new hammer mill. Based on the single factor variable test, the response surface method (RSM) was applied to analyze the mutual influence between wind speed, negative pressure value and feed amount and the interactive influence on screening efficiency. Through Box-Behnken experimental design, a prediction model of screening efficiency was established and the key parameter combination was optimized. The results of single factor test show that the optimal wind speed range is 11~15 m/s, the optimal negative pressure range is -160~-260 Pa, and the optimal feed amount range is 0.9~1.26 t/h; the best parameter combination after optimization by response surface method is: wind speed 13.26 m/s, negative pressure value -212.9 Pa, feed amount 1.058 t/h, the maximum screening efficiency is 77.68%, and the average value of the verification test is 77.52%, which is very close to the predicted value, verifying the correctness of the regression equation. The research results can provide data support for the optimization of industrial screening systems and lay the foundation for subsequent optimization of the entire machine.