The effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas wells stimulation is largely determined by the fracture propagation morphology. In order to investigate the fracture propagation mechanism controlled by structural features such as formation structure features such as formation structure and bedding planes in anisotropic shale reservoirs, using the ABAQUS finite element software, a mathematical model of shale was established by incorporating cohesive elements and accounting for the anisotropy of bedding weak planes. The influence of different bedding dip angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°) on hydraulic fracturing propagation was systematically analyzed. Comparative studies were conducted on key parameters such as hydraulic fracture morphology, final fracture width, and fracture length. Additionally, the effects of various operational parameters (flow rate and fracturing fluid viscosity) on fracture propagation were investigated. The results indicated that at a bedding plane dip angle of 45°, the ability of the fracturing fluid to penetrate the bedding planes was maximized, leading to a shear-slip dominated hydraulic fracture, with a final width of 5.73 mm and a length of 78.6 m. Increasing the displacement to 13 m³/min or the fracturing fluid viscosity to 40 mPa·s was found to significantly enhance both the width and length of the hydraulic fracture. Additionally, optimal reservoir connectivity and flow-guiding performance were achieved specifically at the 45° dip angle. By further adjusting construction parameters such as displacement and fracturing fluid viscosity, the fracture propagation effectiveness was optimized, and the research findings were successfully applied and validated in the field practice of Well X in the Weiyuan Block, effectively enhancing fracture propagation capability and the connectivity of flow channels, thereby improving the reservoir stimulation efficiency of this well.