The gear insertion process is extensively utilized in the domain of internal gear machining, owing to its distinct advantages in scenarios where the operational space for tools was constrained. This method has garnered considerable attention in recent years. The optimization of both structural and process parameters of the gear shaping cutter is crucial for machining quality and the precision of gear manufacturing. Initially, for the novel double-point contact internal gears, a dedicated tooth profile design and meshing surface derivation method for gear shaper cutters was proposed. the tooth profile of the shaper cutter was designed, and the equations governing the tool tooth shaping were derived. Subsequently, a three-dimensional solid model of the shaper cutter was developed. Utilizing DEFORM finite element simulation, an analysis was conducted on the primary cutting force and temperature characteristics associated with the single-tooth cutting process under standard structural conditions. Furthermore, the impact of various parameters, including the tool’s front angle, back angle, and cutting speed, on the primary cutting force and temperature was examined. An orthogonal experimental design methodology was employed to establish sample points, and a quadratic polynomial prediction model for the primary cutting force and temperature was formulated through the response surface method to validate its accuracy. The influence mechanism of the angle-cutting speed coupling effect on cutting performance was revealed. Ultimately, predictions regarding the minimum primary cutting force and temperature were made. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was then applied to optimize the tool’s structural and process parameters, aiming to minimize both the primary cutting force and temperature. The findings indicate that, among multiple parameters, the interaction between cutting speed and rake angle exerts the most significant influence on the primary cutting force and temperature. Within an acceptable margin of error, the optimized structural and process parameters can substantially reduce the primary cutting force and temperature during the cutting process. The research results provide theoretical and methodological references for improving the machining accuracy of double-contact gears and selecting optimal cutting tool parameters.