To address the imperfect maintainability assessment and selection strategies for domestically produced civil aircraft PMA parts, a multi-criteria comprehensive dynamic evaluation method was developed to correct inaccurate maintainability assessment and the lack of differentiated selection decisions. A dynamic evaluation method based on combined-weighting VIKOR and a psychological-account-driven mechanism was proposed for the maintainability assessment of PMA parts. The analytic network process and the entropy weight method were integrated, and a combined weighting model was constructed using game-theoretic ideas to overcome the limitations of traditional single-weighting schemes. VIKOR-based decision making was introduced to obtain a quantitative ranking of maintainability levels under multiple criteria. On this basis, a dynamic decision-making framework was established by incorporating psychological account theory, and threshold intervals were defined to reveal differences in PMA part selection strategies under different risk preferences. The proposed model was validated through a case study of a PMA emergency battery pack, which demonstrated its effectiveness in maintainability assessment and optimization. The results indicate that the method provides reasonable maintainability assessment of PMA parts, identifies key sensitivity indicators for maintainability design, and quantifies the influence of decision preferences on ranking results, thereby providing differentiated procurement schemes for different airlines. This study has practical application value for improving the maintenance efficiency of civil aircraft PMA parts and reducing operating costs.