To investigate the effects of dimple spacing, number, radius, and the depth of elliptical internal ribs on heat transfer and resistance factor, numerical simulation and central composite design were adopted, and a polynomial basis function was used to establish the model of a dimple tube with annular elliptical internal ribs. The variation laws of Nusselt number, friction coefficient, and comprehensive performance evaluation criterion were analyzed using the Box-Behnken response surface methodology.By comparing the predicted values of the model with the actual numerical simulation results in simulation experiments, the average relative errors of the predicted and actual values for the Nu and friction coefficient f were obtained as -0.928 3%and 5.683%respectively, both within 10%, verifying the accuracy of the model predictions.The results show that the error of the Nu is 2.148%, the error of the friction coefficient f is -6.78%, and the error of the comprehensive performance evaluation criterion PEC (performance evaluation criterion) is 0.9%.When taking Nu as the optimization objective, Nu is maximally increased by 28.06%compared with the control model; when taking f as the optimization objective, f is maximally reduced by 13.31%; when taking PEC as the optimization objective, PEC is maximally improved by 29.757%.The optimal parameter combinations under different response objectives are obtained by response surface optimization. The optimized parameter combination enhances the overall heat transfer performance by 29.75%, and the accuracy of the results is verified by regression equations.