To address performance defects such as outlet blockage in preheated pressure vessels and insufficient particle preheating, a systematic solution integrating TRIZ (theory of inventive problem solving) innovation theory with numerical simulation was proposed. By constructing a technical system functional model, specialized innovation integration problem-solving process, and performance enhancement framework, multiple solutions were generated using the ARIZ algorithm, with the “set up diversion cone” scheme being selected as the optimal solution. Based on the mathematical model of particle preheating and gas-solid coupling model, ANSYS CFX was employed to perform numerical simulations of flow channel conditions for 60°, 90°, and 120° top-angle diversion cones. Comparative analysis was conducted on flow velocity, turbulent vortex dissipation, turbulent kinetic energy, and other flow field characteristics, with the Q-criterion criterion used to analyze the evolution of vortex structures. Results indicate that the 60° top-angle diversion cone scheme demonstrates superior performance, significantly improving flow and preheating efficiency while reducing functional degradation. Finite element analysis confirms that the structural reliability meets design requirements.It can be seen that the proposed scheme provides a new idea for the optimization design of the preheating pressure vessel.