To solve the problem of large deformation in broken soft rock roadways under the influence of faults, an innovative combination of multiple research methods including field investigation, numerical simulation, and industrial tests was adopted to conduct a systematic and in-depth analysis of the stress distribution and deformation mechanism of roadways under such complex conditions. A synergistic control technology of “blasting pressure relief + shallow surrounding rock grouting” was proposed. The results show that there is a large-scale fractured zone in the roadway surrounding rock, with highly developed fractures but no delamination phenomenon, and the loosened circle ranges from 0 to 6.0 m. Most of the rock layers are broken and weak rock masses. Under the dual action of faults and roadway groups, the stress concentration at the bottom corners and shoulder corners is significant, which is the main cause of surrounding rock deformation. Based on this cause, a targeted support scheme centered on transferring stress and ensuring the self-bearing capacity of the shallow surrounding rock was innovatively proposed, and the principle of the “blasting pressure relief + shallow surrounding rock grouting” control technology was revealed: drill holes were constructed by pipe-following percussion drilling for explosive loading, and the stress waves generated by blasting form interconnected micro-fractures in the surrounding rock, breaking the original stress concentration state and transferring and diffusing the high stress concentrated at the bottom corners and shoulder corners of the roadway to the deep part of the surrounding rock; at the same time, shallow grouting effectively enhances the integrity of the loose rock mass caused by blasting and the inherent fragmentation of the surrounding rock. The synergistic effect of the two effectively controls the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock. Verified by on-site industrial tests, after adopting this technology, the deformation of the two sides and the roof and floor in the treated area is reduced by 70% and 87.5% respectively compared with the untreated area, showing a significant effect. The research results provide a theoretical basis and reference for the deformation control of broken soft rock roadways under the influence of faults.