In order to explore the relationship among clinical symptoms, TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) syndromes and Chinese materia medica of MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, VIP Information and SinoMed were used to collect the medical records of MASLD from the establishment of the database to December 04, 2024. Relevant data were entered by using Excel2016 and imported into the ancient and modern medical record cloud platform V2.3.9, normalized for data mining and analysis. The results show that 88 medical records of MASLD are obtained. The common clinical symptoms are hypochondrium fullness, fatigue, indigestion and loss of appetite. The common pictures of the tongue are dark tongue, red tongue, greasy coating and white coating. The common pulse manifestations are stringy pulse and slippery pulse. The common TCM syndromes are the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency as well as the syndrome of phlegm and stasis obstructing the internal. The main TCM syndrome elements are spleen, liver, Qi deficiency, phlegm and dampness. Chinese materia medica are mainly used to clear dampness and promote diuresis. Poria Cocos, Hawthorn and Atractylodes Macrocephala are common Chinese materia medica. Through data analysis, fatigue and hypochondrium fullness are the main clinical symptoms, and the core drug pair is Atractylodes Macrocephala-Poria Cocos. Bupleuri Radix, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Poria Cocos, Atractylodes Macrocephala, Hawthorn, Alisma Orientale, Nelumbinis Folium, Salvia Miltiorrhiza, etc., are used for the syndrome of liver depression and spleen deficiency. Poria Cocos, Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Hawthorn, Atractylodes Macrocephala, Nelumbinis Folium, etc., are used for the syndrome of phlegm and stasis obstructing the internal. It is concluded that the main pathogenesis of MASLD is liver depression and spleen deficiency, phlegm and stasis obstructing the internal. The nature of disease is deficiency and excess syndrome. The main treatment of MASLD is to soothe the liver, strengthen the spleen, and resolve phlegm and blood stasis. It provides a reference for the syndrome differentiation and treatment of MASLD.