Considering the imbalance between supply and demand for parking and charging resources in public parking lots in urban hotspots during peak hours，which results in extended vehicle queue times and inefficient utilization of public resources. Based on demand-side optimization，the vehicle reservation induction model was constructed based on the idea of peak shaving and valley filling，to determine the adjusted arrival times of users. Based on supply-side optimization，the parking space sharing allocation model was constructed，to determine the open time and the number of shared parking spaces. Combined with the distribution of vehicle arrival at parking lots and charging stations throughout the day，the parking and charging behavior of vehicles was simulated. The Gurobi solver was used to solve two models，and the reservation scheme and sharing scheme were obtained. Based on changes in demand，the optimization effects of the two schemes in multiple scenarios were simulated，revealing the applicable situations for the reservation and sharing strategies，as well as the conversion mechanisms and conditions between the two schemes. The results show that both schemes can reduce queuing times and improve the service efficiency of the facilities. Specifically，the reservation scheme has good universality，and its optimization effect is significantly related to the supply and demand structure. The sharing scheme is highly feasible，and its optimization effect is significantly related to the temporal evolution of parking and charging demand. This research has great significance for formulating the coupling strategy of parking lot reservation and sharing under various situations.