In order to accurately capture the spatiotemporal patterns of regional drought and explore innovative methods for online soil moisture perception, authentic, objective, and dynamic field measurements of soil moisture were obtained by implementing an integrated Sensor Web, enabling real-time monitoring of soil moisture data across different time ranges. Landsat 8 satellite data were processed through the PIE-Engine platform, and the modified perpendicular drought index (MPDI) was employed for soil moisture extraction in selected areas of Nebraska, USA. An integrated monitoring framework combining Sensor Web and remote sensing technologies was successfully established, enabling dynamic perception of spatiotemporal soil moisture data. The results show that the correlation coefficient between the remote sensing-derived soil moisture and the actual measurements reached 0.694 4, indicating relatively high accuracy. The feasibility of the PIE-Engine platform for the online extraction of soil moisture using MPDI was verified, an online soil moisture monitoring model based on multi-source data collaboration was established. Online perception of soil moisture at the regional scale can be achieved through this research, and a scalable technical pathway is provided for the early warning of agricultural drought and flood disasters.