PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) plastic products, derived from biodegradable protective materials, have been piloted in the Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant and Xudabao Nuclear Power Station. It is anticipated that nuclear power plants will generate a substantial amount of contaminated PVA waste in the future. High-temperature steam gasification of PVA was investigated using an experimental gasification setup, and the pyrolysis products were analyzed via infrared spectroscopy. The effects of catalysts and steam on PVA gasification were systematically explored. Experimental results indicate that PVA pyrolysis is essentially completed above 501 ℃, yielding three primary products: solid residue, waxy products, and volatile components. Both catalysts and steam are found to enhance the initial pyrolysis of PVA and promote the subsequent degradation of pyrolysis products, thereby altering the proportional distribution of different product fractions.