Eccentric support steel frame with replaceable energy-consuming beam segments is favored by researchers for its rapid damage determination and low repair cost after an earthquake, but the current energy-consuming connectors are mainly made of steel, which has more serious strain hardening. Traditional steel energy consuming connectors are subjected to severe strain hardening in shear, while aluminum alloy has a lower yield point than steel and is not significantly affected by strain hardening, so it was proposed that aluminum alloy could be used to replace the shear connectors of the eccentric support steel frame. In order to investigate the seismic performance of the eccentric braced steel frame with aluminum alloy replaceable shear connectors, a 12-bay finite element model was established with the parameters of the length of the aluminum alloy replaceable connectors, the web height-to-thickness ratio, the spacing of the stiffening ribs and the aluminum alloy, and a simulation study was carried out using the cyclic loading method. The results show that the hysteresis curve of the aluminum alloy eccentric braced steel frame with aluminum alloy replaceable shear connectors is full, and it has good energy dissipation capacity. The minimum plastic angle of 0.143 rad meets the limit value of 0.08 rad for the ultimate plastic angle of energy-consuming beam segments, and has good seismic capacity.