Oil spill incidents pose a significant threat to aquatic environments and ecosystems. The rapid and accurate simulation of oil spill migration and diffusion is essential for effective emergency response. A novel method was proposed to predict the migration and diffusion paths of leaked petroleum products, which coupled background flow fields with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The proposed method simulated the migration and diffusion behaviors of oil films under varying flow velocity conditions. Experiments were performed under multiple flow velocities to observe and document the migration and diffusion processes of the oil films, followed by a comparative analysis of experimental data and numerical simulation results. The results show that as the oil film's migration distance increases, the proposed method accurately reproduces both the migration path and morphological evolution, with minimal error compared to experimental data. Furthermore, as flow velocity increases, the oil film transitions from a circular to an elliptical shape, elongating in the direction of flow, thus demonstrating significant directionality. The oil spill prediction method presented here proves to be highly applicable and reliable, enabling the rapid determination of oil migration paths in large-scale, complex aquatic environments, and providing a foundation for quickly developing effective oil interception and pollution control strategies.