Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) technology has emerged as a sustainable soil modification strategy in geotechnical engineering, characterized by its eco-compatibility, precise process controllability, and versatile implementation potential. The results show that soil matrices treated with EICP demonstrate substantial improvements in unconfined compressive strength and elastic modulus, accompanied by a marked decrease in hydraulic conductivity. These performance enhancements have facilitated the deployment of EICP in diverse engineering applications, ranging from slope stabilization and anti-scour protection to heavy metal immobilization, structural concrete rehabilitation, and fugitive dust mitigation. Based on this, a comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to critically evaluate the scientific progress in soil solidification by EICP, including the solidification mechanism of EICP, the effect and influencing factors of EICP on solidifying soil, the application of EICP combined with other materials and its engineering application, and the future application of EICP in large-scale field engineering was also protected.