PDC(polycrystalline diamond compact bit) bit is one of the main rock-breaking tools at home and abroad, the utilization rate is as high as 85%, whirling phenomenon will appear with the use of PDC bit. The unbalanced lateral force of PDC bit is the main reason for whirling, and the lateral force of PDC bit can be reduced mainly by reasonable tooth arrangement design. The optimization design method of lateral force balance was established by whale optimization algorithm. Using its surrounding prey, bubble net predation, and prey search technology, the lateral angle of the PDC bit blade, the side rotation angle and the backward inclination angle of each cutting tooth, and the lateral angle of each cutting tooth were determined, and cutting depth and other cutting structure optimization. The results show that the optimized sidetracking ratio is 2.2%, which is 9.6% lower than that before optimization, achieving a relatively ideal lateral force balance state, and the effectiveness of the model and balance design is verified by numerical simulation analysis, this method can be used to optimize the lateral force balance design of PDC bit, and this research method is beneficial to improve the rock breaking stability and bit life of PDC bit, and it is of great significance to improve the rock breaking efficiency.