The seismic response law of the structure-equipment coupling system of a large-scale chemical plant is complicated, and it is difficult to meet the demands of the production process only by improving the seismic resistance of the structure of the chemical plant itself. In order to reduce the seismic response of the chemical plant structure-equipment coupling system, the vibration of the structure and equipment during the earthquake was taken as the optimization goal, and the multi-objective optimization seismic damping control strategy of the chemical plant structure-equipment coupling system damping device was researched, and the seismic response control analysis of the chemical plant structure-equipment coupling system was carried out. The results show that the optimized performance index formed by the structural inter-story displacement and equipment acceleration and the constructed objective function can better solve the problem of optimized damper arrangement in the device structure. When single-objective optimization is performed, the average damping rates of inter-story displacement in Case 1 (the equipment is equivalent load) and Case 2 (the equipment is a solid model) are 37.78% and 32.83%, respectively, and the maximum damping rates of the equipment displacement and acceleration are 18.73% and 17.13%, respectively; When multi-objective optimization is performed, the average damping rate of the inter-story displacement is 31.17% and the maximum damping rates of the equipment displacement and acceleration are 24.16% and 25%, respectively. Were 24.16% and 25.07%, respectively. These results can provide technical support for ensuring the safety and reliability of such devices.