In order to study the vibration control effect of amplifying mechanism and negative stiffness element, a dynamic vibration absorber with negative stiffness element using amplifying mechanism was studied. A dynamic analysis model of the vibration reduction system was established, and the vibration differential equation of the vibration system was obtained. The incremental harmonic balance method was used to obtain the analytical solution of the system, and the correctness of this analytical solution was verified through numerical simulation. The influence law of the damping of the main system on the amplitude- frequency response curve of the vibration system was analyzed. The effects of the amplification ratio of the amplifying mechanism, the damping coefficient of the dynamic vibration absorber, and the negative stiffness coefficient of the dynamic vibration absorber on the vibration reduction effect of the system were investigated. The genetic algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of the vibration system. The results show that the optimized vibration system achieves a good effect of reducing vibrations within a relatively wide frequency band. It can be concluded that the dynamic vibration absorber with both amplifying mechanism and negative stiffness element is feasible. The results provide a reference for designing a new dynamic vibration absorber model.