In order to study the icing characteristics of helicopter rotor model, the icing test of helicopter rotor model was carried out in the natural icing wind tunnel of Aerodynamics Research Institute (AVIC) by using the low-temperature environment in Harbin in winter to simulate the icing conditions. Based on the 1.5 m rotor test rig and the helicopter rotor scale model with woven wire heater, the rotor icing conditions, the rotor vibration level and the rotor aerodynamic performance changes under typical icing test conditions were studied, and the influence of ambient temperature on the rotor aerodynamic characteristics was analyzed. The results show that the icing of rotor blades is mainly concentrated in the leading edge, and the icing thickness gradually increases from blade root to blade tip. In the test, the vibration level of the rotor table continues to deteriorate, and the aerodynamic performance of the rotor decreases significantly. At lower ambient temperatures, the rotor icing does not further degrade its aerodynamic performance.