Strengthening green and low-carbon environmental control technologies is critical because the industrial, agricultural, and construction sectors face three major challenges: high energy consumption, high emissions, and low energy efficiency in controlling temperature and humidity in specific areas. Heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning provides high evaporative temperature cooling, effective humidity management, and easy integration with renewable energy equipment. The typical heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system was analyzed, the research progress of heat pump independently driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system under various coupling methods was reviewed, and the performance, regeneration temperature, and application occasions of heat pump independently driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system under various working conditions were summarized. Furthermore, the solar-assisted heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system was introduced. Finally, existing challenges and future developments of heat pump-driven desiccant wheel air conditioning system were analyzed and projected.