In order to study the problem that the processing of 7075 aluminum alloy rings was affected by the large value of initial residual stress, the effect of reducing the residual stress was investigated by using the method of compression of 7075 aluminum alloy rings along the ring direction. ABAQUS simulation software was used to simulate the quenching and compression of 7075 aluminum alloy rings to obtain the initial residual stress field and the residual stress field after compression. The results show that the initial residual stresses generated by quenching can be effectively reduced by the method of compression in the ring direction. After the data before and after compression is compared, it is found that when the compression deformation amount is 1.312 5%, the amplitude of quenching residual stress decreases by 57% of the original residual stress value as a whole, and the amplitude of radial residual stress and circumferential residual stress decreases by about 58%. It is concluded that the method of circumferential compression can effectively reduce the residual stresses of aluminum alloy ring parts.