In order to study the displacement characteristics of pile and anchor supporting deep foundation pit in seasonal frozen loess area, the horizontal displacement of pile top and pile body and the surface settlement outside the pit under different working conditions were compared by indoor scale model test. The results show that water migration and redistribution occur in the freeze-thaw cycle, and the existence of external water replenishment conditions will accelerate the water migration rate, which makes the displacement of supporting structure and the surface settlement outside the pit much larger than that in the excavation stage. The maximum horizontal displacement of pile top and pile body in the freeze-thaw stage under closed conditions increase by 6 ~ 8 times compared with that in the excavation stage, and the surface settlement outside the pit increases by 3 times. Compared with the closed freeze-thaw condition, the horizontal displacement of pile top and pile body increases about 1.4 and 1.2 times, and the surface settlement outside the pit increases 1.5 times. The research results can provide reference for the risk prevention and control of pile and anchor support deep foundation pit construction in this kind of seasonal freezing loess area.