A new anomaly sound detection algorithm was studied that combines attention mechanisms and domain generalization techniques to more accurately identify normal and abnormal sounds in mechanical equipment. Specifically, two neural networks were jointly trained using a sub-cluster Adacos loss function, with features modeled by a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Anomaly scores were calculated using negative log-likelihood values, and a 90th percentile threshold was set for detection. The algorithm demonstrated strong performance across seven types of machines, including fans and bearings, achieving harmonic mean AUC(area under curve) and pAUC values of 76.69% and 87.99%, with the highest performance observed on valve data. Compared to two baseline systems, the algorithm improved AUC and pAUC by 24.08% and 20.68%, respectively. Ablation studies further confirmed the positive impact of the GMM, attention mechanism, and Scadacos loss function. When tested against eight other algorithms on the same dataset, the proposed method showed a 4.16% improvement in the harmonic mean of AUC and pAUC, highlighting its significant advantage in anomaly sound detection tasks.