CLT(cross-laminated timber) shear wall structure has emerged as one of the rapidly advancing mid-to-high-rise timber structural systems in recent years. Extensive research on the lateral resistance performance of CLT shear walls has been conducted by both domestic and international scholars. A comprehensive synthesis of findings concerning lateral resistance capabilities was conducted for CLT shear walls, including single-panel, multi-panel, and CLT shear walls with openings. Failure modes, load-bearing capacities, and stiffness characteristics were systematically examined across these structural variations. Comparative evaluations of multiple calculation methods for lateral bearing capacity and stiffness determination were performed, alongside a compilation of standardized methodologies from domestic and international specifications for timber shear wall analysis. Specialized recommendations were formulated specifically for CLT structural applications. Current research advancements were consolidated, and strategic directions were proposed to guide subsequent investigations into CLT shear wall performance under lateral loading conditions, establishing critical references for ongoing research development in this specialized engineering field.