The response of an aircraft engine to bird strikes has the fan blade as its primary component, and the flight safety of the aircraft is directly impacted by the dynamic damage caused by stress changes. A three-dimensional model of a near-real bird body was established in this paper based on the structural features of the "bar-headed goose". The dynamic damage of the blade was studied in consideration of the take-off-climb and approach-landing stages where bird strike accidents are most likely to occur for aircraft, with the effects of different impact speeds, fan blade speeds, and bird impact attitudes being taken into account. It is indicated by the results that the axial damage and deformation of fan blades tend to be increased monotonically with the increasing of aero-engine speed and relative velocity of bird strike blades. Additionally, as the fan blade speed is increased, the stress peak value after a bird strike shows a V-shaped trend, with the smallest stress peak value being occurred at 2 005 r/min. Furthermore, as the contact area between the bird body and fan blade at the initial collision moment is increased, both the stress and damage degree of the blade are gradually increased across different postures. When impacted at a 90° posture, the axial damage deformation of the blade is reached to 60.887 mm. Valuable reference for anti-bird strike design considerations for aero-engine fan blades is provided by these research findings.