Particle profile control and blockage is recognized as an important method for enhancing oil recovery. The migration and deposition characteristics of particles in porous media are understood to facilitate the optimization of particle preparation, thereby improving compatibility with reservoir pore throats and blocking efficiency. Factors such as particle concentration, particle size, porous medium structure, particle size ratio, and fluid parameters within the medium were reviewed for their effects on migration and deposition. Research results from various simulation methods, including simplified geometry, mesoscopic simulation, lattice Boltzmann method-discrete element method (LB-DEM) and computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM) were summarized. It is indicated that the critical value of the particle size ratio influences the deposition location and blockage degree in porous media. Different particle sizes are subjected to significant differences in forces, with larger particles being notably affected by hydrodynamics, gravity, and fluid flow rates. The fluid flow model within porous media is not yet fully unified. However, the Brinkman-Forchheimer-Darcy model is noted for its strong applicability. The CFD-DEM method, approached from a microscopic perspective, has validated the flow-solid coupling of migration and deposition within the medium, providing a basis for profile control schemes in heterogeneous reservoirs.