Considering the characteristics of poor permeability, mixed particle sizes, and complex pore structures of conglomerates, a study was conducted on the pore structure characteristics and connectivity of the Mahu Urho Formation conglomerates using CT(computed tomography) scanning and 3D reconstruction techniques. By establishing a pore structure extraction method combining conventional threshold segmentation and top-hat algorithm, the challenge of extracting microcracks was overcome. The study reveals that the main types of pores in the Urho Group conglomerates are intergranular pores, dissolved pores, and microfractures, with the 3D pore types are mainly lamellar pore structures and isolated pore structures. Although pores with equivalent radii of conglomerate samples smaller than 30 μm account for a high proportion, their contribution to the total pore volume is relatively low. Pores larger than 60 μm, while fewer in number, occupy over 50% of the total pore volume, serving as the primary storage space. Experimental samples are predominantly characterized by level III connected domains, exhibiting good connectivity conducive to the accumulation and extraction of oil and gas. The investigation into the pore structure characteristics of strongly inhomogeneous conglomerates holds significant theoretical and practical value for an in-depth understanding of such characteristics and for the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs in sand conglomerates.