Current transformer (CT) is always used to be the power supply for on-line monitoring equipments. However, the wide range fluctuation of transmission line current will lead to the problems of insufficient CT energy extraction for small current and CT core saturation for large current. An induction energy extraction device based on multi-winding compensation was proposed to address the problem of unstable energy extraction over a wide range of transmission line current. Firstly, the mathematical expressions for secondary side induced voltage and magnetic induction intensity were derived based on the analysis of energy extraction CT equivalent model. At the same time, the electromagnetic characteristics of the iron core were analyzed to obtain the corresponding output characteristics under different current sizes. Secondly, a voltage source rectifier(VSR) circuit topology was used for excitation compensation of the energy extraction CT. The four quadrant operation mode was controlled by analyzing the impact of different secondary side loads on the output characteristics of VSR. The VSR output characteristics show capacitive under over-magnetism condition and inductive under under-magnetism condition. Thirdly, the interval thresholds under different operating modes were obtained by modeling and calculating the equivalent impedance and excitation current on the secondary side. And the VSR was controlled to operate in different modes within different intervals to achieve dynamic adjustment of CT secondary impedance from capacitive to inductive, which ensures that the power CT maintains stable output voltage when the primary current changes over a large range. Finally, the simulation model and experimental platform were constructed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed multi-winding solution for controlling the inductive energy extraction device were verified by simulation and experimental results.