To solve the problem of collecting vibration energy in subway tracks, a vibration energy collection device based on piezoelectric spiral beam was designed according to the natural frequency of steel spring floating slab. The natural frequency matching between the device and the steel spring floating slab was verified by finite element simulation and digital image correlation method experiments, and the vibration energy collection ability of the device was proved by frequency sweep test and wheel load drop test. The research results show that in the frequency sweep test conducted in the range of 1 ~ 100 Hz, the piezoelectric patch can generate an open circuit voltage of 13 V at the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric spiral beam vibration energy collection device, and 15 light-emitting diodes with a rated voltage of 1.5 V can be lit. In the wheel load drop test, the piezoelectric patch can generate an open circuit voltage of 6 V at the height of 20 mm, and 10 light-emitting diodes with a rated voltage of 1.5 V can be lit, which verifies that the device can collect vibration energy in subway tracks and provide power for low-power micro sensors.