In order to solve the problem of uncoordinated stress and deformation distribution in tunnels in layered geotechnical strata, a new pressure support structure for layered geotechnical strata was proposed, and the numerical models of conventional support structure and new yielding support structure were constructed. The supporting effects of the two supporting structures were compared. The results show that the change of surrounding rock pressure in different strata is characterized by three stages: rapid growth-slow growth-stabilization. The final confining pressure and deformation distribution show the distribution pattern of "large on the loess side and small on the rock side". The new yielding support structure weakens the effect of the displacement distribution of the surrounding rock to the loess side, and the vertical displacement and horizontal displacement of the surrounding rock of the upper heading are also smaller than those of the conventional support structure. The stress and deformation of the arch support of the new yielding support structure are smaller than those of the conventional support structure. It also reduces the deformation difference between the two sides of the heading. Among them, the setting of the buffer yielding structure reduces the stress and deformation of the support structure at the layered geotechnical interface, and realizes the effect of pressure support. In general, the new yield support structure has a good supporting effect in layered rock and soil tunnel.