With the rapid development of infrastructure projects in China, the use of anchor bolts in mining, geology, and tunnel engineering continues to increase. The non-destructive testing of anchor bolt quality is crucial for enhancing the stability and safety of engineering projects. Based on the stress wave detection method, wavelet threshold functions and STA/LTA algorithms were employed to comprehensively evaluate anchor bolt engineering. A software for non-destructive testing and intelligent analysis of anchor bolt anchorage was developed, integrating signal filtering and acquisition of anchorage parameters. Through numerical simulation analysis of anchor bolt anchorage, the lengths of anchor bolts were calculated using both manual picking and software-based arrival time extraction. The results show that the software-calculated anchor bolt lengths have an overall error controlled within 5%, offering higher precision than manual picking, which is significant for improving the safety and stability of project engineering.