The issue of soil erosion in the Loess Plateau was addressed, with a comprehensive analysis of the application and evolution of vegetation restoration technologies for loess slopes. The text highlights that vegetation restoration serves as an effective method to mitigate soil erosion and rejuvenate ecological functions. Vegetation restoration not only enhances soil stability but also boosts the ecological quality of slopes and contributes to the sustainable development of ecosystems. Considering the geographical characteristics of the Loess Plateau and the factors contributing to soil erosion, a review of the research history and current progress of vegetation restoration techniques in China was conducted. Detailed discussions on methods such as spray seeding and slope coverage restoration, each characterized by distinct benefits and drawbacks, were included. These techniques were selectively implemented based on specific site conditions and environmental characteristics, and were continuously refined to address any arising challenges during their application. Furthermore, the document outlined future directions for advancing vegetation restoration technology, stressing that a thoughtful integration of plant species selection, soil matrix enhancement, and technological innovation is essential for improving the ecological restoration outcomes on slopes. The adoption of modern technological tools like remote sensing and artificial intelligence for monitoring and managing geological hazards was recommended to enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of ecological restoration efforts. Finally, an interdisciplinary approach was advocated to spur innovative developments in slope management and ecological restoration technologies, with the goal of achieving ecological sustainability in the Loess Plateau.