The Permian Wutonggou Formation in Dixi area of Junggar Basin has huge potential for oil and gas exploration. Based on the latest seismic data, combined with thin section data, drilling and logging data, rock physical properties and physical parameters, using seismic forward modeling, wave impedance attributes and waveform clustering attributes, the basic characteristics of the reservoir were characterized, the seismic waveform identification method of the upper and lower sand groups in the first member of Wutonggou Formation was clarified, the thickness distribution law of the upper and lower sand groups was described, and the sedimentary facies development characteristics of the upper and lower sand groups were clarified. The results display that the sandstone of Wutonggou Formation is mainly lithic sandstone and feldspar lithic sandstone, which belongs to low porosity and low permeability reservoir. The seismic waveform characteristics of sand bodies are significantly affected by seismic resolution, sand body thickness, mudstone interlayer thickness, sand body superposition relationship and underlying lithology. The sand body distribution regular pattern based on the interpretation of the sand body waveform characteristics of the forward model is highly consistent with the average wave impedance attribute distribution regular pattern. The study area develops delta front underwater distributary channel microfacies, estuary dam microfacies, underwater tributary bay microfacies and sheet sand microfacies. There are great differences in the development characteristics of sedimentary facies between the upper and lower sand groups.