The mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), as a novel ultra-high-performance material, have garnered significant attention from scholars globally. UHPC possesses a notable advantage over conventional concrete, primarily in terms of its tensile strength. Nevertheless, a mature and reliable method for testing the tensile properties of UHPC remains elusive. Consequently, dumbbell-shaped and prism specimens was fabricated for conducting uniaxial tension and flexural tension tests on UHPC, aiming to explore its tensile characteristics. The results reveal that the cracking strain in the uniaxial tension test amounts to approximately 200 microstrains, doubling that of ordinary concrete. Owing to the bridging effect of steel fibers, the initial cracking stress and flexural strength in the four-point bending test exceed those of the uniaxial tension test by 26.7% and 96.2%, respectively. A fitting analysis of the stress-strain curve from the uniaxial tension test delineates the tensile stress-strain relationship of UHPC. Subsequently, a numerical research model, coupled with a concrete damage plasticity model, is developed to aid in studying UHPC materials in large-scale components, particularly under limited experimental conditions.