With the increasingly serious problem of climate change, green and low-carbon operations have become an important principle for the sustainable development of the air transportation industry. Taking a single runway transport airport as the research object and green and low-carbon and passenger walking distance as the optimization objective, a green and low-carbon gate assignment model under multiple scenarios was constructed, and a genetic-tabu search combined optimization algorithm was designed to solve it. Finally, a transport airport in northeast China was taken as an example for simulation experiment. The experimental results are shown as follows. In the optimal assignment scheme, if considering green and low-carbon, the fuel consumption can be reduced by 3.1%, the taxiing distance of the aircraft by 3.1%, HC emission by 4.2%, CO emission by 3.6%, NO_X emission by 3.1%, and CO₂ emission by 3.1% comparatively. But passenger walking distance can be increased by 5.3% at the same time. If considering green and low-carbon as well as the interests of the passengers, the fuel consumption can be decreased by 2.1%, the taxiing distance of the aircraft by 2.2%, HC emission by 3.8%, CO emission by 2.7%, NO_X emission by 2.0%, CO₂ emission by 2.1%, and passenger walking distance by 2.1% comparatively. Thus, it is possible to strike a balance between green and low-carbon development and the interests of travelers.