In the northwest desert region, soil moisture plays a significant role in the water cycle of the soil vegetation atmosphere system by acting as a carrier of heat and moisture between the land and the atmosphere. The local industrial structure and underlying surface types have been significantly impacted by the Kekeya Greening Project's execution. The study of the Kekeya project's effects on soil moisture can offer pertinent theoretical underpinnings for the project's implementation in the areas of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and deserts. Using the soil moisture data from 2000 to 2020 as the data source, the author studied the temporal change and mutation year of soil moisture in Kekeya using trend analysis and mutation analysis first. The geographical dependency of soil moisture was then studied using the Moran index. Ultimately, factor detection, interaction detection, and risk area detection of geographical detectors provided information about the factors influencing soil moisture in Kekeya. According to the findings, there was a clear rising trend in the soil moisture in Kekeya, along with a seasonal variation in the usual distribution. When moderate rain occurs, the soil moisture reacts more strongly than when light rain occurs. The pace of urbanization has the least effect on soil moisture, while GDP(gross domestic product) has the largest. When two factors combine, the impact on soil moisture is greater than when one item acts alone.