The structural performance of shield segments plays an important role in the safety and normal service of shield tunnel construction, so it is necessary to study and understand the mechanical performance of shield segments in detail. At present, the main test methods for the bearing capacity of shield segment structure are prototype segment test method and more economical symmetrical inclined beam test method. In order to study the relationship between the bearing performance of shield segments obtained by symmetrical Inclined Beams and the bearing performance of actual prototype segments, based on the cohesion model, considering the friction between concrete joints and the normal separation of reinforcement concrete interface, the constitutive models of potential fracture surface of concrete and steel reinforced concrete interface were established respectively. A numerical analysis model for the whole process of fracture damage of reinforced concrete structures suitable for the analysis of the bearing capacity of shield segments is proposed, and the model was verified based on the existing prototype tests of shield segments. Finally, based on the typical segment used in Fuzhou Metro Binhai Express, the relationship between the bearing capacity of the segment obtained from the prototype segment test and the symmetrical inclined beam test was analyzed by using the established model, and the results are analyzed and evaluated.