Waste incineration ash is the product of domestic waste after high temperature calcination. The resource utilization of ash has become one of the hot topics today. The effects of alkali equivalent, silicon-sodium molar ratio and ash content on the compressive strength of waste incineration ash-tuff base geopolymer were studied by response surface method. The preparation parameters of waste incineration ash-tuff base geopolymer were optimized, and the response surface model of geopolymer compressive strength was established. The results show that the significant degree of each factor affecting the compressive strength of ash-tuff base geopolymer from large to small is: alkali equivalent > ash content > silicon-sodium molar ratio. The optimal preparation parameters of ash-tuff based geopolymer are alkali equivalent of 9.49%, silicon-sodium molar ratio of 1.71, and ash content of 17.85%. Under the optimal preparation parameters, the predicted value of 28 d compressive strength is 24.18 MPa, and the experimental value is 24.77 MPa. The experimental value is basically consistent with the predicted value. The research results not only provide theoretical reference for the preparation parameters and practical application of ash-tuff base geopolymer, but also provide an effective and feasible way for the resource utilization of waste incineration ash.