The Shiwu gold deposit is located in the middle of Jinshan nappe structure in Wannian nappe in the northern part of the eastern section of the Qinzhou-Hangzhou junction belt. The ore body is strictly controlled by secondary ductile shear zone, and the ore types are mainly mylonite and ultra mylonite type. The characteristics of the ore and the occurrence state of gold minerals in the Shiwu gold deposit were studied by light microscope observation, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), chemical composition analysis, scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM). The research shows that the metal minerals is mainly pyrite, followed by arsenopyrite, with a particle size range of 0.04 mm to 0.4 mm. The gangue minerals are mainly quartz, and the gold mineral is only native gold. The occurrence state of gold mineral is mainly fissure gold (64.92%) and intergranular gold (23.99%). Classified by particle size, it mainly consists of grained gold (57.24%) and microgranular gold (27.01%), with a particle size range of 0.005 mm to 0.037 mm. When the grinding fineness reaches 75% at 0.074 mm, full sulfide flotation can effectively enrich and recover gold minerals. Through comparative research on beneficiation processes, the final gold recovery rate of the "fast flotation-fast flotation tailings re-flotation" beneficiation process is the highest (93.89%).