Port operation efficiency evaluation is of great significance to port construction, and the study on port security resilience can provide reference for port security management and local development. Based on the panel data of seven important coastal ports in China from 2010 to 2021, the super efficiency DEA (data envelopment analysis) model was used to measure the port operation efficiency, the DEA-Malmquist index model was used to decompose the total factor productivity of each port, and then the entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process were combined to measure the safety resilience score of each port. The obstacle degree model was used to explore the main obstacle factors affecting the port security toughness. Finally, the port security ductile-efficiency matrix was used to classify the port development. The results show that the average super efficiency of seven major coastal ports from 2010 to 2021 shows an increasing trend, and all ports except Tianjin port reach DEA effectiveness. The mean value of total factor productivity, technical efficiency and technological progress rate of all ports is 1.001, and all ports except Yantai port and Shenzhen port reach 1. All ports except Shenzhen Port have seen some improvement in their score of safety toughness, while Shenzhen Port's score has decreased, but it still maintains a high level of safety toughness. For the criterion layer, the main obstacle factor affecting the safety resilience of the seven ports is the port evacuation traffic capacity, followed by the water traffic safety. For the index layer, the main obstacle factor is the passenger volume, followed by the cargo volume and the number of medical and health institutions. Based on the toughness efficiency matrix of port security, ports were divided into four types: strong type, lean type, fat type and lean type. Finally, according to the analysis results, the corresponding suggestions are put forward.