To retrospectively analysis the influence of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in curing osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) within post-operative 24 h, 351 patients with OVCF who underwent PVP treatment were from the fifth Orthopedic Department of Handan Central Hospital from January 2015 to January 2022. According to modified Macnab criteria in evaluating the surgery result of post-operative 24 h, the patients were divided into satisfied group (A) and unsatisfied group (B), counting the patient's fracture period, visual analogue scale (VAS) score before surgery, history of depression, comparing the datas between two groups, and Logistic regression analysis would be performed on the variables which were significantly statistical different. Comparing group A (n = 56) with group B (n = 56), the fracture period, VAS score before surgery, history of depression had significant statistics differences (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis show that fracture period is short, VAS score before surgery was low, and retain the history of depression are independent risk factors for unsatisfied after PVP in 24 hours. The result within 24 post-surgery hours of PVP is related to patient's fracture period, preoperative VAS score, and history of depression. The patients with fracture time ≤ 3 weeks, preoperative VAS score ≥ 7, and history of depression would have excellent and good surgery results and higher satisfaction.