In order to rationally design and utilize steel fiber concrete, the concrete mixed with steel fibers was regarded as a multiphase composite material consisting of mortar, aggregate, interface, initial defects, steel fibers, and large porosity at the interface, and a step-by-step homogenization method was used to establish a predictive concrete mixing model to solve the mixing model by combining the differentiation method, the Mori-Tanaka method, and the Christensen's three-phase model. Mixed inclusions model, the model prediction results and the test results were in good agreement. The analysis results show these as follows. The nature of the aggregate has a significant effect on the modulus of elasticity of the steel fiber concrete, the overall modulus of elasticity of the steel fiber concrete with the increase of the water-cement ratio, the thickness of the transition zone of the interface, the volume fraction of the pores and decrease, with the increase in the volume fraction of the aggregate, the modulus of elasticity of the aggregate, as well as the increase of the elasticity modulus of the interface.