The study of the dynamic response mechanism of the charge during the process of projectile penetration into concrete targets was carried out to address the issue of projectile charge safety. Combined with the typical characteristics of the actual projectile structure, a theoretical model of the charge non-linear response of the structure with clearance was established, and the local response amplification of the structure under different clearances or different loading frequencies was revealed through theoretical analysis and calculation. Finite element numerical simulations were used to verify the correctness of the theoretical calculation results. Shaker tests were designed to further verify the realism of the theoretical and simulation results. Through a combination of theory, numerical simulations and experiments, the intrinsic mechanism of charge ignition and detonation phenomena under low intensity loads was investigated. The results show that when the projectile penetrates the multi-layer concrete target layer by layer, the vibration generated by the projectile structure has a great influence on the mechanical response of the projectile and the stability of the charge, and there is a certain amplification of the vibration response of the projectile structure.