In order to reasonably set bus lanes, the road network that can set bus lanes was extracted through OpenStreetMap (OSM), and the OSM road network and Baidu Maps road network were integrated by using the Stroke road representation. The real-time traffic data of Baidu Map was combined to realize the visualization of traffic situation, so as to accurately and directly identify the set road sections of bus lanes. By constructing a bus resistance function model and calculating the time efficiency difference before and after setting up bus lanes, the setting plan for bus lanes was determined. Taking part of the road network of Nanchang City as an example, the effect of the bus lane was simulated using SUMO software. The simulation results show that the bus delay can be reduced by 19.6% after setting the bus lane on Qingshan South Road and the social vehicle delay was reduced by 10.8%. It is concluded that the proposed optimization method is conducive to reducing traffic delay and providing support for the reasonable setting of bus lanes.