1 Inner Mongolia Power(Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot Power Supply Branch, Hohhot 010000, China
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3 State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
Revised
2026-01-12
2026-10-18
2026-03-25
Online Date
2026-10-30
PDF (13863K)
摘要
为解决扩展频谱时域反射法(spread spectrum time domain reflectometry,SSTDR)在强脉冲噪声及窄带干扰等复杂环境下电缆故障定位精度低、信号特征难以提取的问题,提出一种基于麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm,SSA)优化变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,VMD)联合Teager能量算子(Teager energy operator,TEO)的高精度测距方法。该方法首先利用具有全局寻优能力的SSA算法,以最小包络熵为适应度函数,自适应获取VMD的最佳模态分解数与惩罚因子,避免了人工经验选取参数的盲目性;随后,利用优化后的VMD对含噪互相关信号进行分解,并依据峭度最大准则筛选出包含故障信息的有效本征模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF);最后,引入TEO对有效分量进行处理,以增强故障信号的瞬时能量并抑制残留噪声。实验结果表明,在混合噪声及强脉冲干扰工况下,该方法能有效剔除干扰分量并重构故障特征,其定位误差显著低于经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)及固定参数VMD方法。研究结论证实,该算法具有优异的抗噪鲁棒性和定位精度,适用于复杂工况下的电缆故障检测。
Abstract
In order to address the low accuracy of cable fault location and the difficulty of feature extraction in spread spectrum time domain reflectometry (SSTDR) under complex conditions such as strong impulsive noise and narrowband interference, a high-precision ranging method based on sparrow search algorithm (SSA)-optimized variational mode decomposition (VMD) combined with the Teager energy operator (TEO) was proposed. First, taking the minimum envelope entropy as the fitness function, SSA was employed to adaptively determine the optimal number of decomposition modes and penalty factor of VMD, thereby avoiding the subjectivity of empirical parameter selection. Then, the optimized VMD was used to decompose noisy cross-correlation signals, and effective intrinsic mode function (IMF) containing fault information were selected according to the maximum kurtosis criterion. Finally, TEO was applied to the selected components to enhance the instantaneous energy of fault signals and suppress residual noise. The results show that, under mixed-noise conditions and strong impulsive interference, the proposed method can effectively eliminate interference components and accurately reconstruct fault features. It is concluded that the proposed method achieves significantly higher localization accuracy and stronger noise robustness than empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and fixed-parameter VMD methods.
WANG Rui-peng, HE Zhi-bin, KONG Xiang-bo, HUANG Song-ling.
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Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(29): 12660-12670 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2600198
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