To investigate the erosion-corrosion behavior of nitrogen-carbon-oxygen complex treatment (QPQ) layers and high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) coatings on 17-4PH stainless steel in a liquid-solid two-phase flow environment. The effects of flow velocity, impact angle, and fluid medium composition on the erosion rate of the material were investigated through liquid-solid two-phase erosion tests and salt-containing erosion-corrosion experiments. The results show that, the erosion rate increases with increasing flow velocity within 90 min, and the coatings remain structurally stable during the test period. At the same flow velocity, the erosion rates of the HVOF coating and the QPQ layer are approximately 4% and 13% of that of the substrate, respectively. The most severe damage of the QPQ layer occurs at an impingement angle of 45°, and local spallation appears after 60 min. For the HVOF coating, the maximum erosion rate is observed at 90°, while the minimum value occurs at 30°. In a mass fraction of 3% NaCl medium, the erosion rates of the substrate, the QPQ layer, and the HVOF coating increase to 1.97, 2.78, and 1.83 times those in fresh water, respectively, indicating a pronounced synergistic effect between corrosion and particle impact. It can therefore be concluded that the medium environment plays a decisive role in the erosion behavior of materials. Among the studied surface treatments, the HVOF coating exhibits the best resistance to erosion-corrosion, whereas the protective capability of the QPQ-treated layer decreases markedly in chloride-containing environments.
WANG Zhi-guo, YANG Wen-long, CHENG Shi-jian, MEN Yu-ting, CHEN Pei-yuan.
Effect of QPQ and HVOF Treatments on the Erosion-corrosion Behavior of 17-4PH Stainless Steel[J].
Science Technology and Engineering, 2026, 26(28): 12189-12198 DOI:10.12404/j.issn.1671-1815.2600145
图9为两种涂层材料在不同角度下的扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)图。从图9(a)中可以看出,QPQ处理试样在冲蚀后的材料表面出现明显的凹坑且能观察到材料被推挤形成的唇形堆积结构。说明材料在颗粒的掠过作用下发生塑性变形和微切削移除,颗粒以切向分力为主,将材料推向两侧形成犁沟,并产生微小的唇形结构。从图9(b)可以明显看到出现犁沟状切削痕迹,同时图像中心有一处不规则凹坑,边缘呈撕裂状,底部粗糙,这表明材料已经被成片移除。冲蚀形貌兼具切削沟槽、冲击凹坑与剥落特征,是典型的切削-冲击复合作用工况。切向分力促使颗粒沿表面滑移并犁削材料,形成连续的切削沟槽和唇边堆积结构;而法向分力则引起材料表层的反复塑性变形和局部应力集中。在多次颗粒冲击作用下,表层材料发生循环塑性变形与疲劳累积,最终导致局部区域发生剥落失效。该复合损伤机制使材料去除效率显著提高,也是该角度下冲蚀速率达到峰值的主要原因。如图9(c)所示,表面出现较大凹坑,但并未观察到长条状切削沟槽,有磨粒堆积和均匀压扁的痕迹,冲击坑形状不规则。这是因为材料主要承受压应力,塑性变形较小,脆性断裂机制占据主导,导致材料以碎片形式从表面剥离。
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